HANNAH HOLBY
PHILADELPHIA, PA
This is Hannah’s fifth season farming on farms not her own. She is currently a manager on a 5 acre urban farm. The farm is on city land, and is owned by a cooperative grocery store in Philadelphia.
WHAT ARE YOU CURRENTLY DOING? (WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN WORKING, ETC)
I’m farming on an urban farm that is about 5 acres split between two different sites in Philadelphia. I’m the manager of one of the sites and our main outlets are a 220 member CSA and the farm is owned by a cooperative grocery store. They are the ones who front the cost. It is not a non-profit, but we don’t make a profit, which is an interesting model. Basically the coop is owned by all its members so we are owned by 7000 families in Philly, but the land is leased for $1 from the city (public land) and the other site is on an arboretum and we have a lease that is pretty inexpensive, but we do pay rent.
I’m going on to my third season here.
HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN FARMING?
Four full seasons, going onto my fifth.
WHAT INITIALLY BROUGHT YOU TO THE FIELDS?
I’m not totally sure. I grew up on a farm in New Jersey that was no longer in the family, but my parents still lived in the house. It had turned into a corn and soybean farm. I was in the country and my parents had a big garden. My grandparents were cranberry and blueberry farmers. My family came to the USA in the 1680s and were farming in New Jersey for most of that time until my parents’ generation. There were no farmers in my parents’ generation.
I always liked outdoor work and I did some WWOOFing in high school and chose a college that had a working farm. It was a student run farm, and Imet other people interested in farming there. Then afterward I didn’t pursue farming at first. I was an art major. I did summer camps a lot, which was a replacement for not working outside.
When I started teaching art year round, I missed the seasonality of what my life had been like before, but I hadn’t actually done a full season on a farm. My friends had started a farm in Vermont on their own and were about to have their first baby and they needed extra help. I went up there for the full season. I thought, ‘I have to try this. I always thought I would.’ I haven’t stopped since then.
WHY HAVE YOU CHOSEN TO FARM FOR SOMEONE ELSE (NOW OR IN THE PAST?)
I was friends with the Vermont farmers through the process of starting their own farm. I realized that:
1. I didn’t have a partner who was interested and I didn’t want to do it alone.
2. Watching how much financial struggle there was to make it happen, I didn’t think I had a business mind for it.
The margins are really slim, you have to be pursuing grants for infrastructure and loans and the stress and financial burden seem like way too much for me. Also being tied down to one place…I definitely wasn’t ready to do that in my 20s. I enjoyed the freedom of being able to move around.
Now I have much more of a feeling of wanting to be grounded, but I know I wouldn’t have done it then, and now the same financial burden is still a pretty big turn off.
I am involved in finances of the farm, a financial benchmark study, and we lose money every year. It’s kind of scary to see. The reason we lose money is because we pay ourselves a salary and not even a great salary.
The federal salary was raised so we were paid the most ever. Even that is like double what family farms pay themselves, which it should be because we don’t own the land and are not building equity,
There is no security as a farm owner where you get to a point when you’d be able to pay back the loans or that kind of thing.
WHAT ARE SOME ISSUES FOR FARMERS WORKING ON SOMEONE ELSE'S FARM - ISSUES THAT YOU'VE WITNESSED OR EXPERIENCED?
I’m pregnant now – that is an impossible thing to do when you’re farming for someone else. I’m doing it now, and it’s fine, but it’s not like I feel like I can continue farming much longer. We are tied into pretty long work days during the summer, and it’s physical labor – there’s a certain point where I won’t be able to do it fast enough. I’ve chosen to do it for the past five seasons, but I’ve put myself in a position where I have to find something else to do. I could work at other farms with more contained hours, but childcare is really expensive so the wages wouldn’t pay for the childcare…so it feels like this sort of impossible thing to keep farming.
Well, the friends of mine who have had children, part of what of they did when the kids were little, not that it worked well, is that they could work much slower. They were not paying themselves hourly obviously, or they transitioned to doing more computer. Mostly I know if they own their own farm, they farm with their partner and are shifting the roles to take care of the kid. Certainly it’s not easy, but you have the flexibility to have the kid on the farm, or do computer work when your body isn’t able to do field work. And because it’s a physical job, I don't think I can say to a farm, “I’m 8 months pregnant” because part of farm work is physical labor and people are expecting it from you. That is true with any big body change, injury, sickness, there is pretty big instability with any manual labor job. There’s workman’s compensation, but all those things are not quite as enforced because the margins for the owners are so small. There doesn’t seem to be a need to pay for these social services, when owners are making so little. If we were living in community, we would somehow.
And also, it is my decision to farm. I’m not saying somebody else should pay me when I can’t.
In some ways, when I worked on my friend’s farm, I feel like we had a lot more rules set out for each other around my time so I didn’t feel like I was being taken advantage of. There are a lot of boundaries when you’re a laborer on someone else’s job. Now I’m a manager and salaried and there are not a lot of boundaries around time. We have to have produce for the CSA. The day goes on and on.
We have 15 hour harvest days sometimes. It’s up to us to set the schedule, but it can feel like the season can swallow your whole life when there is too much coming in to harvest, and you have CSA members who are depending on you to have the food on the table. You can’t just not have it there.
And I know farmers on their own farm just do it. They pull that 15 hour day and just do it.
The staff definitely leaves, it’s the managers who stay. Especially last year, the staff would get overtime if you worked over 40 hours a week. Managers do not get overtime because we are salaried. The coop has a rule, basically full-time people don’t have a schedule that goes overtime regularly. We always cut the crew’s hours at 40 to be fair to them. They never do more than a 10 hour day. But yeah, the managers stay.
The person before me who managed that site definitely didn’t have boundaries. It was part of work ethic, that work culture got built around the job in an unnecessary way. When I started, the days that we have market on site closes at 7pm, so those days still began at 7am and the earliest you could possible leave was 7:30pm. We just weren’t set up to leave. With just figuring it out amongst the staff, we changed that and decided it doesn’t have to be like this.
The woman who has been here the longest and manages both sites helped to get one of the farms started. We have a lot of partnerships, schools, the arboretum, a lot of partnership work has to be done. She’s been doing it for twelve years and there is a threat that they are going to get rid of the farm because we don’t make money. We are living with constant threat - we have to do whatever it takes. It’s not a healthy way to approach it.
“I’m pregnant now – that is an impossible thing to do when you’re farming for someone else. I’m doing it now, and it’s fine, but it’s not like I feel like I can continue farming much longer. We are tied into pretty long work days during the summer, and it’s physical labor – there’s a certain point where I won’t be able to do it fast enough. I’ve chosen to do it for the past five seasons, but I’ve put myself in a position where I have to find something else to do. I could work at other farms with more contained hours, but childcare is really expensive so the wages wouldn’t pay for the childcare…so it feels like this sort of impossible thing to keep farming.”
WHAT KEEPS YOU COMING BACK?
I think after the first year in Vermont, I just wanted to learn a lot more. I thought I had known a lot going in and realized I don’t know any of this stuff. I knew I wanted to be more permanently in Philly because of my family; my brother was having children, and thought, well maybe I can farm in Philly. I did find a real production farm in Philly. Even though there is a lot of unhealthy work time/boundary stuff, the community is really amazing and I love being part of a farm that is communally owned and has a different set up. And there are so many people. All of our CSA members pick up on the farm and we have a a u-pick section. People are so excited to pick their own flowers or hot peppers or have a picnic.
I wanted that connection with the farm and land and we get to have it in a broader sense.
More than they enjoy the food, some of them enjoy being part of the farm’s life and having a space that is a little bit rural in an urban setting. It is somewhere they can feel connected to the land.
So I stay because of the community and the other farmers, even though they are workaholics. I really like our team and we get along and it helps motivate when things get hard.
WHAT IS YOUR TAKE ON THE DIFFERENCE (IF ANY) BETWEEN A FARMER AND A "FARM WORKER"/"FARM EMPLOYEE" BESIDES PROPRIETORSHIP?
I definitely feel a big difference. I still don’t really call myself a farmer. I say I work on a farm because I feel like a fraud if I call myself a farmer even though that is how I spend my year. I think the idea of land ownership is so tied into farming, that burden that you’ve taken on. All the shit that can happen that is out of our control, I don’t have to deal with that. My friends in Vermont lost their first farm because Hurricane Irene took their farm completely. I don’t have to live with that fear and intensity. So I guess that I want to respect that distinction - the kind of responsibility that I do have.
At the same time I don’t love that the feeling exists. And there are so many people I know who work on farms. It is their whole life and they put their whole soul and heart into a farm, so of course they are a farmer.
I don’t like that it feels like it’s ingrained in me.
WHAT KIND OF SUPPORT WOULD BE HELPFUL FOR PEOPLE WORKING ON FARMS NOT THEIR OWN?
Certainly to me what is hard is where does it lead? Maybe I’m thinking about that because - is there another step that I can take now that I’m having a kid? Reasonable hours, decent pay… is there a job that is not totally unrelated, that is still working in the field a little? Maybe hearing other people’s stories of how they did it once they had a kid.
We just went to the PASA conference and it’s not like there were classes geared toward workers on farms. It’s more geared toward the farm owner, but it doesn’t feel like there is a camaraderie or place for people who aren’t interested in pursuing their dream of having their own farm even though it’s okay not to want that and still want to do the work and be involved. But I also feel like I’m not totally clear on the vision of what that looks like for me if I were to continue.
I’m certainly someone who gets ideas from other people and I haven’t heard those stories often.
We have a CRAFT network here, which is education on other people’s farms where you visit another farm. I really like that. There are a lot of resources to learn specific skills in farming, but they do seem geared toward becoming a better farmer to eventually have your own farm, more than they are geared toward taking that information. You can be a really great farm worker, but it doesn’t necessarily mean that you will have more stability in it.
In some ways I never pursued farm education to see what I could because I thought I can’t spend money on education because it’s not going to make me money, but I also know that I'm pretty adverse to debt which is why I couldn't own my own farm.
WHAT IS YOUR OPINION/TAKE ON THE FARMER LUNCH? (DO YOU TAKE LUNCH, DO YOU SKIP LUNCH, DO YOU ENJOY TAKING LUNCH WITH YOUR CREW - FOR COMMUNITY BUILDING, IS THERE PRESSURE TO BE SOCIAL....)
That’s one thing that both farms have been really strict about. We take an hour, which is awesome. At my friend’sfarm in Vermont, we started doing a two hour break that we got rid of. It was a siesta during the hottest part of the day, and everyone lived on the farm who worked there. They got rid of that and instead everyone leaves earlier because the crew doesn’t live on site anymore.
On our farm, I started as an assistant farmer and we’d always take an hour. We’ve been less strict with that recently because I would rather finish earlier, but obviously it’s really needed to have a real break in the middle of the day. Philadelphia is definitely hot so it’s also the weather that comes midday. It’s interesting now that I’m more in charge with how long it might be, I feel less inclined to take a full hour myself because I want to get home at a reasonable hour. And it’s easier to say to the people who can go home at the same time every day to take an hour because it doesn’t affect how long you’re going to be working.